Systems Theory

In The Fifth Discipline, author Peter Senge details five characteristics that comprise what he calls a "learning organization"--in other words, an organization which cultivates an effective learning environment. The five traits of a learning organization are:

1. Systems Thinking--Senge defines this as examining the patterns that connect the larger system. This kind of thinking is intuitive. In fact, children pick it up almost instantly.
   
   
2. Personal Mastery--The key to this trait is to continually clarify and deepen our personal vision, focus our energies, develop patience, and see reality objectively.
   
   
3. Shared Vision--This occurs when a group collectively develops a "picture of the future." Shared vision is the sum of the personal visions of all participating individuals. It is not something a person can learn by rote; instead, it stems from a deep-seated belief.
   
   
4. Team Learning--The group IQ is higher than that of the individual. Just like in complex systems, unexpected results that are greater than the sum of their parts will emerge. However, people have to communicate with each other for team learning to take effect.
   
   
5. Mental Models--Senge attest that we must continually question the deeply ingrained assumptions, generalizations, and perceptions that influence how we comprehend and react to the world. Once we understand our biases, we can begin to examine and deconstruct them.